The "bourgeoisie Camorra"? There, but nobody talks about white collar
the importance of crime powerful interpretation of the processes of institutionalization and legitimization of the Camorra crime phenomenon that receives direct and indirect forms of large sections of the bourgeoisie in the metropolitan Naples is not as radical and continuity of interpretation that record, however, about the "bourgeoisie Mafia. " The question, then, is not farfetched: why? (...) Why do not you rooted for the criminal organization Camorra a tradition of learning (and Address Detective) able to explain and interpret what is the role that class segments of professional, entrepreneurial, bureaucratic, technical - in short, to what reason can be described as middle class has historically been the Camorra mafia to ensure its reproducibility? The reasons for this delay is attributable to both a sort of systematic defection on the Camorra, its culture, its commingling by the great doctrines such as liberalism and Catholicism, both to wandering positions of the left that has ranged between crystallization and the long silences or distortions of interpretation on the phenomenon. (...) The connections between members of the bourgeoisie and the Camorra crime groups have been denied or even often underestimated, despite the dominant urban character of the original delinquency exposing these components to cross social relations, so that awareness of collusive this intrigue was already manifested in 1901 by Saredo who spoke of "low" and "high" Camorra, it "constituted by astute and daring bourgeois."
"High Camorra" The distorted perception of
delittuosità is, mainly in the bond or social classes characterized by economic instability or the importance of elitist crime of the powerful interpretation of the processes of institutionalization and legitimization of the Camorra crime phenomenon that receives direct and indirect forms by large bourgeoisie of the metropolitan areas of Naples is not as radical and continuity of interpretation that record, however, about the "mafia bourgeoisie." The question, then, is not farfetched: why? (...) Why do not you rooted for the criminal organization Camorra a tradition, which are very distant average observer. That's how it is absent, the vast vanishes "gray area" that hosts a variety of professionals, civil servants, administrative, technical consultants, representatives of the banking, financial, academic, business. And yet, economic operators and intermediaries whose social climbing is based on a modus operandi irregular and illegal activities related to the new professional class of public and private services and offering services to criminal organizations, not infrequently, also members of the forces enforcement and the judiciary. (...) With regard to the context of the myriad Neapolitan its illegal economic activities, para-legal, submerged, allowing illegal to produce, sell and consume goods place them on different markets (legal, illegal and criminal) promotes the interweaving of collusion, cooperation and exchanges with representatives of the local middle classes, or even a push factor, to the point where they can legitimately speak of "bourgeoisie Camorra." The roots groups and organizations Camorra, therefore, derives not only from the social relations they have developed within the populace, the marginalized and economically weak classes, not just the product of a deviant subculture of pollution, but also depends on capacity over time to evolve the relationships of trust and exchange in the direction of a social configuration across different classes and economic strata, to form a social bloc that has played a decisive role in the processes of accumulation of different resources and social relations. (...) The existence of a Camorra, ie an economy based on manufacturing wide range of illegal and criminal activities in the meantime has become a burden and business developments likely to benefit, now, investments and transactions carried out also market conditions because the contribution of the middle class benefits from this Camorra and intertwined relationships that are not only the product of 'deviations professional, "but the result of a stable network commingling and confusing use of trade especially in these "mature" of accumulation, ie when it is necessary to invest the capital in legitimate activities. This is the time when the effects of altering the economic and legal propagate is an increased until it reached a distortionary character of the processes of economic development.
systems and types of market
is misleading to believe that criminal groups thrive because they spread the criminal markets or because of intimidation by the power of the mafia associations are able to dominate both in economic activities than in commercial law. Actually three structural conditions have changed the reasons for the successful expansion of organized crime in Campania: the expansion of the political market, namely the increase in resources that are mobilized in forms of direct or indirect political and administrative institutions, the dynamic entrepreneurial class and collusion between criminal organizations based focused on trade relations now on offering services to businesses and attractive opportunities (such as waste affair has shown) that increase in an indirect profits of enterprises, the expansion in the region and beyond of the informal sector, production of black , semi-legal economies which make up a differentiated set of goods and services produced and distributed in forms illegal entrepreneurs who find it more convenient to "interact" with the mafia rather than attract the attention of the State on the profiles of illegal activities .(..)
The capital
The Camorra develops and grows because it can count on the production of an intense and strong capital. Namely, the production of a set of intangible resources (...) that using the tradition, the deviant subculture, the same religion, the value of social rituals ensures strength, stability and reproducibility part of the clan. (...) These symbolic resources supply in binding form of social action community these greedy more than I can make reference universalistic norms to whether civil, religious or ideological. The positive results are those related to the self-interest is reinforced es'indebolisce I recall the common good. (...) The strength of this capital takes advantage of the fact that local companies have not produced to counter a strong social conscience (at the level of the public sphere of political institutions, civil society, business, cultural institutions ) aware of the seriousness of the presence of such phenomena, not a constant, caring and enlightened mobilization in support of the work of the police, the judiciary, those who busy themselves to combating all forms of lawlessness. (...)
How to get out?
that the judiciary should be attacking the illegal assets and capital accumulated, the fugitives are arrested (the symbol of the defeat of the state) is significantly intervene in the outskirts of urban areas through the action of the school, volunteering, civic groups, has produced a more effective legal and safe control of the territory there is a strong social stigma of all those figures who cooperate, do business and collude with criminal groups (entrepreneurs, professionals, politicians, etc..) both produced a greater synergy between the investigative ball and the 'analytical' (the world of social research) to devise new and more effective policies enforcement and security.
Giacomo Di Gennaro, "Corriere del Mezzogiorno" Dossier on the Camorra and the illegality of the Centre, November 12, 2009.
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